Overview
Initially this is just a placeholder for links to relevant sites and projects.
General
LinuxInsightlooks like a good entry point for regular monitoring of developments and useful tips.
Technical Support
Some excellent advice can be found in How to Ask Questions The Smart Way.
Deployment
Clonezilla looks useful for disk cloning, installation and quick automatic recovery. There are two livecd/usb projects based on Clonezilla Live: Clonezilla-sysrescuecd and Gparted-Clonezilla. Note however that XO may own own wireless system from manufacturing and there may be complications preserving secure activation keys.
Use with DRBL-winroll
when colocating with a Windows deployment for internet access?
Trinity Rescue Kit
may also be useful in connection with Windows colocation.
Scientific Linux
is a potentially useful distro based on (fully supported) RHEL/CENTOS. Could base repositories on that and add only supported extras from fedora or elsewhere that are essential. Uses neat protected livecd/usb system that might be more sophisticated for rollbacks than the one in XO or ASUS Eeepc.
GRUB2
appears to be clearly the way to go for booting.
Consider routinely putting this stuff everywhere and designing a way to automate using it for recovery and rollback processing. Absolutely safe unattended and headless recovery and rollback is a key requirement given remote installations with no internet and no local sysadmin. Also applies to any attempt to colocate with other systems sharing an internet connection.
Macintosh
Intel Macs also run FOSS software. Mac OSX is based on FOSS FreeBSDish Darwin. Checkout Leopard Bootcamp- see also parallels virtualization.

